Friday, April 1, 2016

Contradictory History of April Fool: How it all Started


The what of April Fools’ Day is pretty clear: in some part of the world at least, Friday will be a time for pranks—for better or for worse. But the why is a mystery. Though many holidays have cloudy origins, the history of April Fools’ Day is particularly blurry, as there are several competing claims for the invention. Some see the holiday’s sources in a storybook, while others consider it an evolution of the general rejoicing of springtime.

One possible precedent is in the Greco-Roman festival called Hilaria, which was celebrated on March 25. The festival honored Cybele, an ancient Greek Mother of Gods, and its celebrations included parades, masquerades and jokes to celebrate the first day after the vernal equinox.
“Traditionally, the vernal equinox was thought of as the beginning of the year in the Julian calendar,” notes Simon J. Bronner, a professor of American Studies and Folklore at Penn State.

In the 16th century, the Christian world switched from the Julian calendar, which was introduced by Julius Caesar, to the Gregorian calendar named for Pope Gregory XIII. The change moved the New Year up to January 1. Some historians find another origin for April Fools in that switch, as those still using the Julian calendar were fooled by the new date. Meanwhile, others insist that the tradition of an April’s new year celebration simply evolved into a jocular time, which is how the pranks began.

Another origin story, which Bronner says is very controversial, is rooted in Geoffrey Chaucher’s 1392 book The Canterbury Tales.

“The controversy is over what Chaucer really wrote and whether there can be a direct link to April Fools’ Day,” he explains. “The line in question is ’32 March,’ which was thought to be a joke because there is no March 32, but there are some medievalists who claim it was a misprint.”

One idea about the holiday that’s not really a possibility is that it’s universal. While various cultures around the world do have celebrations around the same time, like the Hindu holiday Holi and the Jewish holiday Purim, the prank-centric nature of April Fools’ Day is particular to Europe and North America, Bronner says.

To Bronner, it’s interesting that the celebrations have taken such hold on culture, considering their murky origins.

“When I talk to students in folklore class,” he says, “[I tell them] that it seems to be part of a more general pattern of spring being a time of hilarity.”




[Time]


Nigeria Police Commission to begin Mass recruitment from 1st April

The recruitment of 10, 000 policemen by the Police Service Commission begins nationwide on Friday (today).

 President Muhammadu Buhari had last year at the National Security Summit in Abuja directed the Force to recruit 10,000 Nigerians into the service to address the obvious shortfall in the manpower need of the police.

Speaking on the recruitment exercise on Thursday in Abuja, the PSC Chairman, Mike Okiro, warned the commission’s workers who would be involved in the screening of candidates to avoid any act that might compromise the integrity of the exercise.

Okiro said any worker involved in any misconduct during the exercise would be sanctioned in line with the Public Service Rules and might be prosecuted for sabotage.

He advised the workers to live above board “as the Commission is ready to make a huge success of this presidential assignment in line with its resolution to discharge its duties within the ambit of the law, transparently, and according to laid down rules.”

Okiro also warned the candidates to desist from indulging or inducing the workers of the commission, stressing that anyone caught would be arrested and prosecuted.

He explained that the Nigeria Police Force deserved the best brains in the Nigerian society, stressing that the PSC would ensure that only the best would be engaged as policemen.

Meanwhile, the Nigeria Police Force has acquired 4,388 housing units in 22 housing estates across the country for purchase by its personnel.

The Inspector-General of Police, Solomon Arase, who said this on Thursday in Abuja, stated that 700 housing units were acquired under his administration, while 2,291 were at various stages of construction.

Speaking during the inauguration of the NPF Brick City Housing Estate, Kubwa, Abuja, the IG said the estates were acquired by the Nigeria Police Cooperative Multipurpose Society Limited, which was established in 1977 to develop and improve the welfare of police officers.

He said the houses were allocated to policemen through a mortgage arrangement, noting that police officers across various cadres had benefitted from the housing scheme.

Arase said that the Brick City Estate consists of 96 units of one-bedroomed flat, 40 units of two-bedroomed, 44 units of two-bedroomed semi-detached flats, 56 units of three-bedroomed semi-detached, and 24 three bedroomed bungalows.

He said the estate was fully serviced with tarred road, potable water, electricity, perimeter fence and a security post.

The police boss said the force management was not working alone, adding that it partnered real estate experts, including a real estate firm, Urban Shelter Ltd., to achieve the goal.

Arase noted that welfare of policemen, including the provision of quality and affordable housing, was one of his visions when he assumed office as the IG.

He said, “Today, the Nigeria Police Cooperative Multipurpose Society Limited has delivered to policemen across all cadres’ houses in one, two and three-bedroomed categories. It is important to note that the police through its society has so far acquired and the developing 4,388 housing units in 22 housing estates across the country.”




[PunchNG]


How Tinubu made his first income as a Taxi man and Security Guard

Many are of the opinion that former Lagos state governor, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu was born right at the middle of a money-printing machine, but that is not true.
Some rumours also have it that his parents were very wealthy, so he practically worked for nothing in his life but that is also not true.
The diminutive Nigerian politician had to work his way up the ladder. He was once a cab driver and even a security guard who worked very hard to reach where he is today.

In a special publication by TheNEWS magazine, Tinubu detailed how he worked has a cab driver and a security guard. Here are excerpts from the interview.

Q: When did it strike you to travel out of the country?

A: I was lucky. Even though I was ambitious about travelling out of the country, particularly as my friends like Folabi Salami and Tokunbo Maxwell had just travelled to Germany, I would say that I was just lucky.
Others, like Nurudeen Olowopopo, of blessed memory, and Sola Popoola headed for the United States and it remained Tunde Badejo, Bolaji Agaba and myself. So, the three of us were determined that we must get out of Nigeria, too.

I went to Ikenne, with my late sister, for a big ceremony. We had gone to pick bottles of Coca-Cola from the cold room and wanted to quickly return to the St. Saviour’s Church, where my sister was. There was a sudden rain of bullets and had we not been rushing to the church to ensure that we didn’t miss what was going on there, I would have died. The young man that was standing with me was hit. He slumped and died.

Based on the sad incident and how I had narrowly missed death, my family said to me: ‘This boy, you have always said that you wanted to travel out of the country, it is time to do so.’ So, my mother gathered some money, sold her trinkets to make up for the remaining part of my allowances and joined it with proceeds from the sale of the Volkswagen Beetle given to me by my uncle, the late Ganiyu Tinubu, who used to work at Simpson Street, Ebutte-Metta. He had a Beetle car he bought from a Canadian and had it converted into a convertible, which I used to drive. Nobody taught me how to drive. He asked that I sell it and add the proceeds to the money I needed for my trip. That was what I did.

Bolaji Agaba and I left the same day for the United States, while Badejo left some months later. We got our visas through my family connections. Bolaji’s own had almost expired before we left. On our arrival in the US, we thought we would stay in New York. But Nurudeen Olowopopo said no and we put some money together for Bolaji’s ticket and we headed for Washington D.C. I stayed with the late Sola Popoola at Washington before we started finding our way. We were running out of funds then.
He helped us secure a one-room apartment in Alexandria, Virgina. We got an unregistered used car (they left the licence open) commonly called Gypsy, which we ran as a taxi. We operated at the airport, where we picked passengers, and not anywhere else, like the hotel because it was forbidden for unlicensed cab drivers to do so. We did that for a while to raise some money. We did, and Bolaji went to Tennessee, while I headed for Chicago.

Q: Can you tell us some unpleasant moments that you had then?

A: One experience I will not forget was when I over-charged a naval officer, who was returning to the country. It was not intentional. Apparently, I didn’t know the direction; there was no GPRS in those days to locate directions. So, he gave me the direction to his house in a Virginia suburb. I gave him the price and the man responded with a slap to my face. He said I should know the correct fare to charge to the location he mentioned. He slapped me and gave me the money.
Another experience was when I took a guy whom I didn’t know was drunk. When I drove to his house, he pointed a gun at me instead of paying the fare. He took my leather jacket and said: ‘Get into your car and get lost.’ He did not pay.

Another interesting one was when I was taking the third Accounting class and equally working as a security guard at a construction site. They were very serious with their kind of security. You just had to do that job. There were about six points with six clocks at the site, which the security man must wind every hour and with a dog in hand. So, there was never a chance of trying to catch a nap.
As I was doing my accounting assignment, I fell asleep. I was dead asleep! The inspector came to the site and found me sleeping, with my head on my books. He simply pulled the register and wrote: ‘I have been here. You were sound asleep. So, see me tomorrow.’ When I woke up, I found that Skiddo (the dog’s name) was gone, and then the register. I just went to a corner, cleaned my face and concentrated on my assignment because I knew the job was already gone.
You can’t lose two things. I ensured that I read well for my test and passed the next day. I opted to post their uniform and the cap to them, but suddenly ran into the man and he handed me my cheque and said the job was gone. I told him I knew and we said goodbye to each other! I had to start looking for another job.





[PMNews]